Understanding the relationships of local populations to natural resources is useful in guiding strategies for the sustainable management of these resources. The objective of this study is to assess the variation in the endogenous knowledge and knowledge of local populations on the wild annone, Annona senegalensis Pers., within different communities along a phytogeographic gradient from the North-West to the South-West of Burkina Faso. Stratified and random sampling was adopted to survey 285 people belonging to eight sociocultural groups and divided into three phytogeographic sectors. The data obtained through semi-structured interviews made it possible to calculate ethnobotanical indices on the basis of which the groups were compared. The results reveal that pulp, leaves, and roots have Relative Citation Frequencies of 84.2%, 79.4%, and 63.9% respectively. The fields of pharmacopoeia (86.25%) and food (85.22%) recorded the highest Relative Citation Frequencies. Usage values (VU) vary significantly depending on phytogeographic sectors (p<0.05) and socio-cultural characteristics. The Vulnerability Index (IV) reveals that the ad is very vulnerable due to anthropogenic pressure. Given its importance in society, it is imperative that urgent measures be taken for its sustainable management.